Religion is a broad concept, encompassing many goals in life. In addition to facilitating spirituality, religion occurs within the context of established institutions and traditions. Unlike other social institutions, religion has a spiritual character, which makes it distinct. For example, no other institution focuses on spirituality as a primary goal.
Some religions, such as Christianity and Islam, emphasize specific texts as providing moral authority. For example, Muslims read the Koran, while Christians read the Bible. Both of these texts say that God is the supreme moral authority. People who practice religion generally engage in communal prayer, meditation, and moral conduct. They may also join religious institutions. In addition, they may follow rules regarding dress and healthcare.
Research has shown that religion can have a positive effect on mental health. It can foster feelings of peace, purpose, and forgiveness, which may decrease the risk of depression and suicidal behavior. However, these benefits vary among people who practice different types of religions. In addition to mental health benefits, religion can provide a sense of structure and community. It can also decrease rates of alcoholism and drug use.
In the United States, nearly a quarter of the population is considered religious. These groups are disproportionately composed of women, younger generations, and college-educated individuals. While a high percentage of religious participants identify with a specific religion, a higher proportion of secular Americans hold ambivalent views on religion.